Steam-boiler



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JASON J. PALMER, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK.

STEAM-BOILER.

Speccaton of Letters Patent No. 16,693, dated February 24, 1857.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jasomv (I. PALMER, of Flushing, Queens county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Mode of Constructing Steam-Boilersg andi I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure l, is a perspective view of a boiler. Fig. 2, is a view of the interior or fire surface of the boiler, and a perspective of the peculiar shaped flues. Fig. 3, is a sectional view of the boiler, crosswise, through the steam chest. Fig. 4r, is a sectional view lengthwise.

The nature of my invention consists in so arranging the heating flues in the boiler, that a superior and more rapid circulation of the water in the boiler shall be secured, and more particularly toward and in contact with the hottest parts of the boiler, or the sidesand crown of the furnace or fire shell.

The drawings represent a box-boiler, but the improvement can be easily adapted to any other form of boiler.

As will be seen, more particularly from Figs. 2 and 3, the re chamber A, occupies a central position in the boiler the sides of the boiler coming down upon each side, and the rear end, of the fire or furnace. From the position of the lire it will be evident that the hottest part of the boiler will be that directly over the fire, and that in this portion the generation of steam will be the most rapid. Upon each side of the fire chamber A, and in either leg, so to speak, of the boiler, I place a flue B b, spreading out in its lower part, and also extending up partially over the re chamber. Fig. 3, shows the form of the entire water tank, and the position of these ues in it: and these flues are also shown in Fig. 2. As will be seen these lues B b, are placed near the bottom of the boiler, and are much expanded at their lower parts, so as to enlarge their heat-ing surfaces, and also for convenience of cleaning and repairing. This expansion does not however interfere with any other part of the boiler, or with its convenient form or adaptability, as it is so located as to allow the corresponding expansion in the boiler proper to be made in the vacant space underneath the furnace, where they also have the benefit of the heat of the ashes and falling coal, and by which these expanded parts of the tlues are kept continually hotter than they otherwise would be. As will be also seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the flues B b, are not placed centrally in the sides of the boiler, or in the water tanks, but are so placed that between these flues and the inner or tire surface of the boiler, there is a much lessbody or column of water, than there is between the flue and the outer side of the boiler. These tlues extend upon each side of the boiler to the rear end, and also across the back end, and the heat and smoke, &c., from the fire pass first into the iue at the rearend of the boiler, and then forward through the side flues and up the front end and over the top into the chimney O.

By this arrangement of flues, and being placed close to the fire chamber, the less column of water receives the first heat of the fire, and then the heat through the return tlues, and is therefore subjected to a greater heat than any other portion of the water, by which it is kept in active motion and circulation, and thereby also keeps up or produces a constant circulation of the entire water which may be inthe boiler, thus lesseningdanger from low water, since even a small quantity of water will by this circulation be kept in Contact with the hottest part of the boiler. This end is secured by the shape given the upper portion of the tlues B o, turning up over the lire, and which should cover about half, at least, of the arch D. By making the flues of this shape the water in a., is constantly brought or carried upon that part of the boiler D, directly over the fire, and naturally kept the hottest, and where consequently steam will be generated the most rapidly. This arrangement and construction of iues therefore increases the capability or power of the boiler' as a steam generator, and is advantageous under any circumstances, but particularly if the water in the boiler happens to get low, inasmuch as in that case the water will be constantly passing in contact with the hottest part of the boiler, from which the most danger is to be apprehended. The heat of the furnace is further rendered more effectual by means of the perforated plates E, behind the furnace proper, and through which the flame, heat, &c., as to pass before it enters the flue at the rear end of the boiler, the entra-nce to which is also near the bot-tom of the boiler, andjust above the level of the bottom of the ash hole under the grate. By the use of the plate E, the flame, &c., is prevented from passing into the rear flue o, in a sheet or mass, but is separated and broken up, by means of the holes in E, and reflected and thrown in different directions, and thus made more effectual in generating steam. This effect is still further increased by making the entrance 0, to the flue below the plate E, and below the level of the fire; as the draft will be from the fire to the flue, consequently the upper part p, Fig. 4, of the lire chamber will become a sort of reservoir of heat, continually rising from the re, and not carried o with the draft, and therefore constantly acting with great effect upon the boiler and water above. As will be apparent this construction secures a much more economical use of heat, than if the heat, &c., passed directly, on a level or nearly so, into the flue.

By the above construction and arrangement of boiler and flues, I also secure a large extent of effective heat-ing surface compared with the body of water, and therefore with a given amount or quantity of lire heat produce a much higher temperature of steam in the boiler than is obtainable in other boilers.

As will be seen from Fig. l, the flue at the rear end of the boiler is not represented with anl enlarged chamber, and is not usually so constructed, but it retains the extension and lap over the arch. The draft is governed by the damper f, and g, is a rod to drop or elevate the front part of the plate E.

In the case of small boilers the lues B,

may be placed toward or at the center of the water tanks, and in any case the size of the water space a, may be varied somewhat according to circumstances, the size and form of the boiler, &c.; but the principle governing their position is, that they should be so placed that a great degree and extent `of heat should act upon a comparatively small body of water for the more rapid generation of steam as above described. The foot or leg of the boiler may extend a little below the lues to allow any sediment in the water to settle, and not be carried into the iues.

Vhat I claim as my invention or improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The particular arrangement of the flues B Z1, B b, substantially as described, close to the lire shell of the boiler, and admitting only a thin, but continuous, sheet of water between them and the fire shell, this thin sheet of water also connecting freely, at top and bottom, with the main body of /water in the boiler-by which arrangement a more rapid and complete circulation is produced, this thin sheet of water being constantly forced toward, and in contact with the sides and crown of the fire shell, z'. e. the hottest parts of the boiler, and thus heated more rapidly and made to circulate the faster.

2. I also claim the arrangement of the perforated plate E, it being interposed between the furnace and low eXit into the smoke boX or stack.

JASON J. PALMER.

Witnesses:

ALFRED MCINTIRE, S, D. LAW. 

